Glossary

— of Older Definitions

Need for Older Definitions

Older Definitions that existed at the time the documents were writtend and ratified, tell us what those words meant to that generation — what those documents are supposed to mean for us in the present day. At least until such time the content is properly amended in accord with the terms of those documents.

The Handy Little G•e•e•z•z•m•o below, will expand all levels of this page's content all at once. Otherwise, if you wish to open one at a time, simply click on The Table of Contents and then click only the headings you wish to open. Yes. It is much longer than the present Constitution for the United States of America; but it also serves as a complete civics course that addresses many of the political ills.

Handy Little G•e•e•z•z•m•o

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Glossary Contents

A a

To ABDICATE — ABDICATION – (1756)

To ABDICATE. v. a.

To give up right ; to resign.

ABDICATION. s.

The act of abdicating ; resignation.

To ABSTAIN – (1785)

To ABSTAIN. .

To forbear, to deny one's self any gratification; with the particle from.

To ACCOUTRE – (1756)

To ACCOUTRE. v. a.

To dress ; to equip.

ACCURATE — ACCURATELY — ACCURATENESS – (1756)

ACCURATE. a.

1. Exact, as opposed to negligence or ignorance.

2. Exact, without defect or failure.

ACCURATELY. ad.

Exactly, without errour, nicely.

ACCURATENESS. s.

Exactness, nicety.

ADVERSE — ADVERSITY — ADVERSLY – (1756)

ADVERSE. a.

1. Acting with contrary direction.

2. Calamitous ; afflictive ; pernicious.

ADVERSITY. s.

1. Affliction ; calamity.

2. The cause of our sorrow ; misfortune.

ADVERSLY. a.

Oppositely ; unfortunately.

ADVERSE — ADVERSITY – (1785)

ADVERSE. adj.

1. Acting with contrary direction ; as, two bodies in collision..

2. Figuratively, contrary to the wish or desire ; thence, calamitous ; afflictive ; pernicious. It is opposed to prosperous.

3. Personally opponent ; the person that counteracts another, or contests any thing.

ADVERSITY. n. s.

1. The curse of our sorrow ; affliction ; misfortune. In this sense it may have a plural.

2. The state of unhappiness ; misery.

ALIENABLE – (1756)

ALIENABLE. a.

That of which the property may be transferred.

ALL – (1785)

ALL. adj.

1. Being the whole number ; every one.

2. Being the whole quantity ; every part.

ALL. adv.
Incert Text Code]

ALL. n. s.

1. The whole ; opposed to part, or nothing.

2. Every thing.

ALLIANCE – (1756)

ALLIANCE. s.

1. The state of connection with another by confederacy ; a league.

2. Relation by marriage.

3. Relation by any form of kindred.

4. The persons allied to each other.

To ALTER – (1756)

To ALTER. v. a.

1. To change ; to make otherwise than it is.

To ALTER v. n.

To become otherwise than it was.

ALTERATION – (1756)

ALTERATION. s.

1. The act of altering or changing.

2. The change made.

To APPLY – (1756)

To APPLY. v. a.

3. To make use of as relative or suitable.

4. To put to a certain use.

5. To use as means to an end.

7. To have recourse to, as a petitioner.

APPROBATION – (1756)

APPROBATION. s.

1. The act of approving, or expressing himself pleased.

2. The liking of any thing.

3. Attestation ; support.

ARMS – (1785)

ARMS. n. s.

1. Weapons of offence, or armour of defence.

2. A state of hostility.

3. War in general.

4. Action ; the act of taking arms.

5. The ensigns armorial of a family.

To ASCERTAIN — ASCERTAINER – (1756)

To ASCERTAIN. v. a.

1. To make certain ; to fix ; to establish.

2. To make confident.

ASCERTAINER. s.

The person that proves or establishes.

B b

BY–LAW – (1756)

BY-LAW. s.

By-laws are orders made for the good of those that make them, farther than the publick law binds.

C c

CAPITATION – (1756)

CAPITATION. s.

Numeration by heads.

CAPITATION – (1785)

CAPITATION. n. s.

Numeration by heads.

CENSUS – (1785)

CENSUS. n.

1. A numbering of the people, and valuation of their estates, for the purpuse of imposing taxes, etc. ; — usually made once in five years.

2. An official registration of the number of the people, the value of their estates, and other general statistics of a country.

CESSION – (1756)

CESSION. s.

Retreat ; the act of giving away.

Resignation.

CESSION — CESSATION– (1785)

CESSATION. v. a.

CESSION. n. f.

1. Retreat ; the act of giving way.

2. Resignation ; the act of yielding up or quitting to another.

CHARTER – (1756)

CHARTER. s.

1. A charter is a written evidence.

2. Any writing bestowing privileges or rights.

3. Privilege ; immunity ; exemption.

CIVICK — CIVIL — CIVILLY – (1756)

CIVICK. a.

Relating to civil honors ; not military.

CIVIL. a.

1. Relating to the community ; not political.

2. Not anarchy ; not wild.

3. Not foriegn ; intestine.

4. Not ecclesiastical.

5. Not natural.

6. Not military.

7. Not criminal.

8. Civilized ; not barbarous.

9. Complacent ; civilised ; gentle ; well bred.

CIVILLY ad.

1. In a manner relating to government.

COLONY – (1756)

COLONY. s.

1. A body of people drawn from the mother–country to inhabit some distant place.

2. The country planted ; a plantation.

COMMERCE — To COMMERCE — To COMMERCIAL – (1785)

COMMERCE. n. s.

1. Intercourse ; the exchange of one thing for another ; interchange of any thing ; trade ; traffick.

COMMERCE. n. s.

2. Common or familiar intercourse.

To COMMERCE. v. n.

1. To traffick.

2. To hold intercourse with.

COMMERCIAL. adj.

Relating to commerce or traffick.

COMMON LAW (1756)

COMMON LAW. .

Common Law contains those customes which have, by long perscription obtained the force of law. It is distinguished from statute law, which owes its authority to acts of parliment.

COMMON LAW (1785)

COMMON LAW. .

Common Law contains those customes and usages which have, by long perscription, obtained in this nation the force of law. It is distinguished from statute law, which owes its authority to acts of parliment.

Kingery NOTE: Emphasis added to the phrase, obtained in this nation the force of law. This 1785 definition is the applicable definition when it comes to Amendment 7 of the U. S. Constitution. In this nation COMMON LAW began with The unanimous Declaration of the united States of America; not with acts of Britain's patliment.

The Declaration is, quite literally the law that governs the Sovereign Authority over government — the body of voters, respecting what powers they may rightly grant to government and how their votes are supposed to be counted (among other elements).

COMMONWEALTH – (1756)

COMMONWEALTH. ...

1. A polity ; an established form of civil life.

2. The publick ; the general body of the people.

3. A government in which the supreme power is lodged in the people ; a republick.

Kingery NOTE: [About definition #3. This might be the other two goernment forns referred to in the DEMOCRACY definition. However, DEMOCRACY uses the word Sovereign; where here the wor is Supreme. What's the difference?]

COMMUNITY (1756)

COMMUNITY. s.

1. The commonwealth ; the body politick.

2. Common possession.

COMPACT — To COMPACT – (1756)

COMPACT. s.

A contract ; an accord ; an agreement.

To COMPACT. v. a.

3. To league together.

4. To join together ; to bring into a system.

COMPLACENSE — CONPLACENCY — COMPLACENT – (1756)

COMPLACENSE. CONPLACENCY; s.

1. Pleasure ; satisfaction ; gratification.

2. The cause of pleasure ; joy.

3. Civility ; complaisance.

COMPLACENT. a.

Civil ; affable ; soft.

CONFEDERATE — CONFEDERATION – (1756)

CONFEDERATE. s.

One who engages to support another ; an ally.

CONFEDERATION. s.

League ; alliance.

To CONFER – (1756)

To CONFER. v, a.

To discourse with another upon a stated subject.

To CONFER. v. a.

1. To compare.

2. To give ; to bestow.

3. To contiibute ; to conduce.

To CONFRONT – (1785)

To CONFRONT. v. a.

1. To stand against another ; in full view ; to face.

2. To stand face to face in opposition to another.

3. To oppose one evidence to another in open court.

CONSENT — To CONSENT – (1756)

CONSENT. s.

1. The act of yielding or consenting.

2. Concord ; agreement ; accord.

3. Coherence with ; correspondence.

4. Tendency to one point.

5. The perception one part has with another, by means of some fibres and nerves common to them both.

To CONSENT. v. n.

1. To be of the same mind ; to agree.

2. To co–operate to the same end.

CONSTITUENT – (1756)

CONSTITUENT s.

1. The person or thing which constitutes or settles any thing.

2. That which is necessary to the subsistence of any thing.

3. He that deputes another.

To CONSTITUTE — CONSTITUTION — CONSTITUTIONAL – (1756)

To CONSTITUTE. v. a.

1. To give formal existence ; to produce.

2. To erect ; To establish.

3. To depute.

CONSTITUTION. s.

1. The act of constituting ; enacting ; establishing.

3. Corporeal frame.

6.Established form of government ; system of laws and customs.

7. Particular law ; establishment ; institution.

CONSTITUTIONAL. a.

2. Consistent with the constitution ; legal.

To CONSTITUTE — CONSTITUTION — CONSTITUTIONAL – (1785)

To CONSTITUTE. v. a.

1. To give formal existence ; to produce.

2. To erect ; To establish.

3. To depute.

CONSTITUTION. s.

1. The act of constituting ; enacting ; establishing.

3. Corporeal frame.

6. Established form of government ; system of laws and customs. [emphasis added]

7. Particular law ; establishment ; institution.

CONSTITUTIONAL. a.

2. Consistent with the constitution ; legal.

CONTEXT – (1756)

CONTEXT. s.

The general series of a discourse.

To CONTRACT — CONTRACT – (1756)

To CONTRACT. v. a.

2. To bring two parties together ; to make a bargain.

CONTRACT. s.

1. A bargain ; a compact.

3. A writing in which the terms of a bargain are included.

CONVULSION – (1756)

CONVULSION. s.

2. Any irregular and violent motion ; commotion.

CORPORATE — CORPORATION – (1756)

CORPORATE. a.

United in a body or community.

CORPORATION. s.

A body politick, authorized to have a common seal , one head officer or more, able by their common consent, to grant or receive in law, any thing within the compass of their charter ; even as one man.

CORPOREAL – (1756)

CORPOREAL. a.

Having a body ; not immaterial.

COUNSEL — COUNSELLOR – (1785)

COUNSEL. n. s.

1. Advice ; direction.

2. Consultation ; interchange of opinions.

3. Deliberation ; examination of consequences.

COUNSELLOR. n. s.

1. One that gives advice.

4. One that is consulted in a case of law ; a lawyer.

CREATOR – (1756)

CREATOR. s.

The being that bestows existence.

CRIME — CRIMINAL – (1756)

CRIME. s.

An act contrary to right ; an offense ; a great fault.

CRIMINAL. a.

3. Not civil. as a criminal prosecution.

CRIMINAL. s.

1. A man accused.

CRIME — CRIMINAL – (1785)

CRIME. n. s.

An act contrary to right ; an offense ; a great fault ; an act of wickedness.

CRIMINAL. adj.

2. Not civil ; as, a criminal prosecution ; the criminal law.

CRIMINAL. n. s.

1. A man accused.

CRUEL — CRUELTY – (1785)

CRUEL. adj.

1. Pleased with hurting others ; inhuman ; hard–hearted ; void of pity ; wanting compassion ; savage ; barbarous : unrelenting.

CRUELTY. n. s.

D d

DEMOCRACY — DEMOCRATICAL – (1756)

DEMOCRACY. s.

One of the three forms of government ; that in which the sovereign power is lodged in the body of the people.
[Kingery NOTE: See also COMMONWEALTH as one of the possible other two government forms.]

DEMOCRATICAL. a.

Pertaining to a popular governnent ; popular.

DEPUTATION — To DEPUTE — DEPUTY – (1756)

DEPUTATION. s.

1. The act of deputing, or sending with a special commission.

2. Vicegerency.

To DEPUTE. v. a.

To send with a special commission ; to impower one to transact instead of another.

DEPUTY. s.

1. A lieutenant ; a viceroy.

2. Any one that transacts business for another.

DESPOT — DESPOTICAL — DESPOTICK — DESPOTISM – (1756)

DESPOT. s.

An absolute prince ; as, the despot of Servia.

DESPOTICAL. DESPOTICK. a.

Absolute in power ; unlimited in authority.

DESPOTISM. s.

Absolute power.

DESPOT — DESPOTICAL — DESPOTICK – (1785)

DESPOT. n. s.

An absolute prince ; one that governs with unlimited authority. The word is not in use except as applied to some Dacian prince ; as, the despot of Servia.

DESPOTICAL. DESPOTICK. adj.

Absolute in power ; unlimited in authority ; arbitrary ; unaccountable.

DICTION – (1785)

DICTION. n. s.

Style ; language ; expression.

difficulty-of-corruption-vs-ease-of-stopping-it

The 50% point is the intersection at which the ease of removing corruption meets with the difficulty for corruption to enter government.

It is this 50% point that must be exceeded by any candidate or other balloted item. But; 50% of what? This is the question.

The Declaration identifies it as the body of the governed that must consent. With voter-registration, we now have a known list or number of people who choose to participate in the voting process.

Regstering as a voter protects the right of those within the body-governed who do not wish to exercise their right to vote. Thus, the body is that known number of people registered as a voter.

DISCOURSE — To DISCOURSE – (1756)

DISCOURSE. s.

1. The act of the understanding, by which it passes from premises to consequences.

2. Conversation ; mutual intercourse of language ; talk.

4. A treatise ; a dissertatian either written or uttered.

To DISCOURSE. v. n.

1. To converse ; to talk ; to relate.

2. To treat upon in a solemn or set manner.

3. To reason ; to pass from premises to consequences.

DISPOSITION – (1756)

DISPOSITION. s.

1. Order ; method ; distribution.

2. Natural fitness ; quality.

3. Tendency to any act or state.

4. Temper of mind.

5. Affection of kindness or ill-will.

6. Predominant inclination.

DIVINE – (1756)

DIVINE. a.

1. Partaking of the nature of God.

2. Proceeding from God ; not natural ; not human.

3. Excellent in supreme degree.

4. Presageful ; divining ; prescient.

DIVINE. s.

1. A minister of the gospel ; a priest ; a clergyman.

2. A man skilled in divinity ; a theologian.

E e

ECCLESIASTICAL — ECCLESIATICK – (1756)

ECCLESIASTICAL. ECCLESIATICK. a.

Relating to the church ; not civil.

ECCLESIASTICK. s.

A person dedicated to the ministries of religion.

EFFECT – (1785)

EFFECT. n. s.

7. [In the plural] Goods ; moveables.

EMOLUMENT – (1785)

EMOLUMENT. n. s.

Profit ; advantage.

To ENSURE – (1756)

To ENSURE. v. a.

1. To ascertain ; to make certain ; to secure.

2. To exempt any thing from hazard by paying a certain sum, on condition of being reimbursed for miscarriage.

To ENTREAT — ENTREATY – (1756)

To ENTREAT. v. a.

1. To petition ; to solicite ; to importune.

2. To prevail upon by solicitation.

To ENTREAT. v. n.

3. To make a petition.

ENTREATY. s.

Petition ; prayer ; solicitation.

To ENUMERATE — ENUMERATION – (1756)

To ENUMERATE. v. a.

To reckon up singly ; to count over distinctly.

ENUMERATION. s.

The act of numbering or counting over.

To ENUMERATE — ENUMERATION – (1785)

To ENUMERATE. v. a.

To reckon up singly ; to count over distinctly ; to number.

ENUMERATION. n. s.

The act of numbering or counting over; number told out.

To ENUMERATE — ENUMERATION – (1790 Constitution)

Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons.1 The actual Enumeration shall be made within three Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct.

When the document contains the definition, or description for the word; it is that enternal definition or description that must be used (unless that definition violates a prior superior document). Then, it is the superior document definition that holds most weifght and is enforcable.

Congress may direct the manner, but not what can be collected or how it might be used otherwise.

"The respectivre numbers..." shall be determined in a very specific manner; by the way, has not yet been Article 5 amended into The U.S. Constitution; but it has been unconstitutionally altered by congress.

EQUAL – (1756)

EQUAL. a.

1. Like another in bulk, or any quality that admits comparison.

EQUAL. s.

1. One not inferiour or superiour to another.

EVIDENT – (1756)

EVIDENT. a.

Plain ; apparent ; notorious.

EXPRESSION – (1756)

EXPRESSION. s.

1. The act or power of representing any thing.

2. The form or craft of language in which any thoughts are uttered.

3. A phrase ; a mode of speech.

EXPRESSION – (1785)

EXPRESSION. n. s.

1. The act or power of representing any thing.

2. The form or mode of language in which any thoughts are uttered.

3. A phrase ; a mode of speech.

F f

FAST – (1756)

FAST. a.

6. Speedy ; quick ; swift.

FORBEAR – (1756)

FORBEAR. s.

1. To cease from any thing; to intermit.

3.To omit voluntarily; not to do; to abstain.

FORM — TO FORM – (1756)

FORM s.

8. Stated method ; established practice.

To FORM. v. a.

1. To make out of materials.

2. To model in a particular shape.

3. To modify ; to scheme ; to plan.

4. To arrange ; to combine in a particular manner.

5. To adjust ; to settle.

6. To contrive ; to join.

7. To model by education or institution.

To FOUND – (1756)

To FOUND. v. a.

3. To establish ; to erect.

5. To raise upon, as on a principle or ground.

FOUNDER – (1756)

FOUNDER. s.

1. A builder ; one who raises an edifice.

2. One who establishes a revenue for any purpose.

3. ne from whom any thing has its original or beginning.

G g

GOD – (1756)

GOD. s.

1. The Supreme Being.

2. A false god ; an idol.

3. Any person or thing deified or too much honoured.

GOODS – (1785)

GOODS. n. s.

1. Moveables in a house.

2. Personal and moveable estate.

3. Wares ; freight ; merchandise.

To GOVERN – (1756)

To GOVERN. v. a.

1. To rule as a chief magistrate.

2. To regulate ; to influence ; to direct.

3. To manage ; to restrain.

To GOVERN. v. n.

To keep superiority.

GOVERNABLE — GOVERNANCE – (1756)

GOVERNABLE. a.

Submissive to authority ; subject to rule.

GOVERNANCE. s.

1. Government ; rule ; management.

2. Control, as that of a guardian.

GOVERNMENT – (1756)

GOVERNMENT. s.

1. Form of community with respect to the disposition of the supreme authority.

2. An establishment of legal authority.

3. Administration of publick affairs.

GOVERNOUR – (1756)

GOVERNOUR. s.

1. One who has the supreme direction.

2. One who is invested with supreme authority in a state.

3. One who rules any place with delegated and temporary authority.

growth-chart

By day 15; it looks nearly impossible to accomplish.

But by day 30; if people really want Clean Honest Government — keep educating others to also pass the word; the job will be complete.

growth-chart days 1-15 & 16-30

By day 15; it looks nearly impossible to accomplish.

But by day 30; if people really want Clean Honest Government — keep educating others to also pass the word; the job will be complete.

H h

HOSTILE — HOSTILITY – (1785)

HOSTILE. adj.

Adverse ; opposite ; suitable to an enemy.

HOSTILITY. n. s.

The practices of an open enemy ; open war ; opposition in war.

HUMAN – (1756)

HUMAN. a.

1. Having the qualities of a man.

2. Belonging to man.

HUMANKIND – (1756)

HUMANKIND. s.

The race of man.

I i

IMUNITY – (1785)

IMMUNITY. n. s.

1. Discharge from any obligation.

2. Privilege ; exemption from onerous duties.

IMMUNITY n. s.

3.Freedom.

INALIENABLE – (1756)

INALIENABLE. a.

That cannot be alienated.

INCOME – (1898)

INCOME. n.

3. The gain which proceeds from labor, business, property, or capital of any kind, as the produce od a farm, the rent of houses, the proceeds of a professional business, the profits of commerce or of occupation, or the interest of money or stocks in funds, etc.; revenue ; receipts; salary ; especially, the annual receipts of a private person or a corporation, from property; as a large income.

To INCORPORATE —. INCORPORATION – (1756)

To INCORPORATE. v. a.

3. To form into a corporation, or body politick.

4. To unite; to associate.

INCORPORATION. s.

2. Formation of a body politick.

INSTEAD of – (1756)

INSTEAD of. prep.

1. In room of ; in place of.

Equal to.

To INTERROGATE — INTERROGATION – (1756)

To INTERROGATE. v. a.

To examine ; to question.

To INTERROGATE. v. n.

To ask; to put questions.

INTERROGATION s.

1. A question put ; an enquiry.

INTESTINE – (1756)

INTESTINE. a.

1. Internal ; inward ; not external.

INTESTINE. a.

3. Domestick, not foreign.

INVOLUNTARILY — INVOLUNTARY — INVOLUTION – (1785)

INVOLUNTARILY. adv.

Not by choice ; not spontaneously.

INVOLUNTARY. adj.

1. Not having the power of choice.

2. Not chosen ; not done willingly.

INVOLUTION. n. s.

J j

JUDGE – (1756)

JUDGE. s.

1. One who is invested with authority to determine any cause or question, real or personal.

2. One who presides in a court of judicature.

3. One who has skill sufficient to decide upon the merit of any thing.

K k

Left Blank

L l

LAW – (1756)

LAW. s.

1. A rule of action.

2. A decree, edict, statute, or custom, publickly established.

3. Judicial process.

4. Conformity to law ; any thing lawful.

5. An established and constant mode or process.

LAW — LAWFUL – (1785)

LAW. v. a.

1. A rule of action.

2. A decree, edict, statute, or custom, publically established as a rule of justice.

3. A decree authoritatively annexing rewards or punishment to certain actions.

LAWFUL. .

LEAGUE – (1756)

LEAGUE s.

A confederacy ; a combination.

LIGHT – (1756)

LIGHT. a.

11. Easy to admit any influence ; unsteady ; unsettled.

M m

MAN – (1756)

MAN. s.

1. Human being.

9. Individual.

MANKIND – (1756)

MANKIND. s.

1. The race or species of human beings.

MEN – (1756)

MEN. .

The plural of man.

MILITARY — MILITIA – (1756)

MILITARY. .

1. Engaged in the life of a soldier ; soldierly.

2. Suiting a soldier ; pertaining to a soldier ; warlike.

3. Effected by soldiers.

MILITIA. s.

The trainbands ; the standing force of a nation.

MILITARY — MILITIA – (1785)

MILITARY. .

1. Engaged in the life of a soldier ; soldierly.

2. Suiting a soldier ; pertaining to a soldier ; warlike.

3. Effected by soldiers.

MILITIA. n. s.

The trainbands ; the standing force of a nation.

MODERATE – (1785)

MODERATE. MODERATE adj.

1. Temperate ; not excessive.

2. Not hot of temper.

3. Not luxurious ; not expensive.

4. Not extreme in opinion ; not sanguine in a ...

5. Placed between extremes ; ...

MODERATION – (1785)

MODERATION n. s.

1. Forbearance of extremity ; the contrary temper to party violence ; state of keeping a due mean betwixt extremes.

2. Calmness of mind ; equanimity.

MOVEABLES – (1785)

MOVEABLES. n.s.

Goods ; furniture ; distinguished from real or immoveable possessions, as lands or houses.

N n

NATION — NATIONAL – (1756)

NATION. s.

A people distinguished from another people.

NATIONAL. a.

1. Publick ; general ; not private ; not particular.

O o

To OMIT – (1756)

To OMIT. s.

2. To neglect to practice.

To OPPOSE – (1785)

To OPPOSE. v. a.

1. To act against ; to be adverse ; to hinder ; to resist.

To OPPOSE. v. n.

1. To act adversely.

OPPOSITE – (1756)

OPPOSITE. a.

1. Placed in front ; facing each other.

2. Adverse ; Repugnant.

3. Contrary.

OPPOSITE. s.

Adversary ; opponent ; antagonist.

To OPPRESS — OPPRESSION — OPPRESSIVE – (1756)

To OPPRESS v. a.

1. To crush by hardship or unreasonable sevrity.

2. To overpower ; to subdue.

OPPRESSION s.

2. The state of being oppressed ; misery.

2. Hardship ; calamity.

OPPRESSIVE. a.

1. Cruel ; inhuman ; unjustly exactious or severe.

2. Heavy ; overwhelming.

To OPPRESS — OPPRESSION — OPPRESSIVE — OPPRESSOR – (1785)

To OPPRESS. v. a.

1. To crush by hardship or unreasonable severity.

2. To overpower ; to subdue.

OPPRESSION. n. s.

1. The act of oppressing ; cruelty ; sevetity.

OPPRESSIVE. adj.

1. Cruel ; inhuman ; unjustly exactious or severe.

OPPRESSOR. n. s.

One who harasses others with unreasonable or unjust severity.

P p

PEOPLE – (1756)

PEOPLE. s.

1. A nation ; those who compose a community.

3. The commonality ; not the princes or nobles.

5. Men, or persons in general.

PERSON – (1756)

PERSON. s.

1. Individual or particular man or woman.

2. Man or woman considered as opposed to things.

3. Human Being.

4. Man or woman considered as present, acting or suffering.

5. A general loose term for human being.

PERSON. s.

PERSPECTIVE – (1756)

PERSPECTIVE. s.

1. A glass through which things are viewed.

2. The science by which things are ranged in picture, according to their appearance in their real situation.

3. View ; visto.

PERSPECTIVE. a.

Relating to the science of vision ; optick ; optical.

PETITION — To PETITION – (1756)

PETITION. s.

1. Request ; intreaty ; supplication ; prayer.

2. Single branch or article of a prayer.

To PETITION. v. a.

To solicite ; to supplicate.

PLURALITY – (1756)

PLURALITY n. s.

1. The state of being or having a greater number.

2. A number more than one.

4. The greater number ; the majority.

PLURALITY – (1785)

PLURALITY n. s.

1. The state of being or having a greater number.

2. A number more than one.

4. The greater number ; the majority.

POLITICAL — POLITICALLY — POLITICASTER — POLITICIAN — POLITICK — POLITICKLY — POLITY – (1756)

POLITICAL. a.

1. Relating to politicks ; relating to the administration of publick affairs.

2. Cunning ; skilled.

POLITICALLY. ad.

1. With relation to publick administration.

2. Artfully ; politically.

POLITICASTER. s.

1. A petty ignorant pretender to politicks.

POLITICIAN. s.

1. One versed in the arts of government ; one skilled in politicks.

2. A man of artifice ; one of deep contrivance.

POLITICK. a.

1. Political ; civil.

2. Prudent ; versed in affairs.

3. Artful ; cunning.

POLITICKLY. ad.

Artfully ; cunningly.

POLITY. s.

A form of government ; civil constitution.

POLL — To POLL – (1756)

POLL. s.

1. The head.

2. A catalogue or list of persons ; a register of heads.

To POLL. v. a.

4. To take a list or register of persons.

5. To enter one's name in a list or register.

6. To insert into a number as a voter.

POST – (1756)

POST. s.

1. The head.

6. A piece of timber set erect.

PRIVILEGE – (1785)

PRIVILEGE. n. s.

1. Peculiar advantage.

PRIVILEGE. n. s.

2. Immunity.

To PROPOSE – (1785)

To PROPOSE. v. a.

To offer to the consideration.

To PROSECUTE — PROSECUTION – (1785)

To PROSECUTE. v. a.

4. To persue by law; to sue criminally.

PROSECUTION. n. s. 1of 2

PROSECUTION. n. s.

2. Suit against a man in a criminal case.

To PROTECT – (1756)

To PROTECT. v. a.

To defend ; to cover from evil ; to shield.

PROVIDENCE – (1756)

PROVIDENCE. s.

1. Foresight ; timely care ; forecast ; the act of providing.

2. The care of God over created beings ; divine superintendence.

PROVIDENCE. s.

3. Prudence ; frugality ; reasonable and moderate care of expence.

PUBLICK – (1756)

PUBLICK. a.

1. Belonging to the state or nation ; not private.

4. Regarding not private interest, but the good of the community.

PUBLICK. s.

1. The general body of mankind, or of a state or nation.

PUBLICK – (1785)

PUBLICK. adj.

1. Belonging to the state or nation ; not private.

PUBLICK. v. a.

2. Open ; notorious ; generally known.

3. General ; done by many.

4. Regarding not private interests, but the good of the community.

PUBLICK. n. s.

1. The general body of mankind, or of a state or nation ; the people.

2. Open view ; general notice.

PUNISHMENT – (1756)

PUNISHMENT. n. s.

Any infliction or pain imposed in vengence of a crime.

Q q

QUICK – (1785)

QUICK. adj.

3. Speedy ; free from delay.

4. Active ; spritely ; ready.

QUICK. adv.

Nimbly ; speedily ; readily.

R r

RACE – (1756)

RACE. s.

1. A family ascending.

2. Family descending.

3. A generation ; a collective family.

4. A particular breed.

RACE. s.

REASON — REASONABLE – (1785)

REASON. v. a.

1. The power that man deduces one proposition from another, or proceeds from premises to consequences ; the rational faculty ; discursive powers.

2. Cause ; ground or principle.

3. Cause ; effecient.

4. Final cause.

REASON. s.

REASONABLE. adj.

3. Just ; rational ; agreeable to reason.

5. Tolerable ; being in mediocrity.

RECALL — To RECALL – (1756)

RECALL. s.

Revocation ; act or power of calling back.

To RECALL. v. a.

To call back ; to call again ; to revoke.

RECOURSE – (1756)

RECOURSE. (s.)

2. Return ; new attack.

3. Application as for help or protection.

4. Access.

REGISTER — To REGISTER — REGISTRY – (1756)

REGISTER. s.

1. An account of any thing regularly kept.

To REGISTER. v. a.

To record ; to preserve by authentick accounts.

REGISTRY v. a.

1. The act of inserting in the register.

2. The place where the register is kept.

3. A series of facts recorded.

RELIGION – (1756)

RELIGION. v. a.

1. Virtue, as founded upon reverence of God, and expectation of future rewards and punishments.

2. A system of divine faith and worship as opposite to others.

REPRESENTATIVE – (1756)

REPRESENTATIVE. a.

1. Exhibiting a similitude.

2. Bearing the character or power of another.

REPRESENTATIVE. s.

1. One exhibiting the likeness of another.

2. One exercising the vicarious power given by another.

3. That by which any thing is shown.

REPUBLICAN — REPUBLICK – (1756)

REPUBLICAN. a.

Placing the government in the people.

REPUBLICAN. s.

One who thinks a commonwealth without monarchy the best government.

REPUBLICK. s.

Common-wealth ; state in which the power is lodged in more than one.

REQUEST — To REQUEST — REQUESTER – (1756)

REQUEST. s.

1. Petition ; entreaty.

2. Demand ; repute ; credit ; state of being desired.

To REQUEST. v. a.

To ask ; to solicite ; to entreat.

REQUESTER. s.

Petitioner ; soliciter.

To RESIDE — RESIDENCE — RESIDENT – (1785)

To RESIDE. v. n.

1. To have abode ; to live ; to dwell ; to be present.

RESIDENCE. n. s.

1. Act of dwelling in a place.

2. Place of abode ; dwelling.

RESIDENT. adj.

Dwelling or having abode in a place.

REVOCABLE — To REVOKE – (1756)

REVOCABLE. a.

1. That may be recalled.

2. That may be repealed.

To REVOKE. v. a.

1. To repeal ; reverse.

2. To check ; to repress.

3. To draw back.

RIGHT – (1756)

RIGHT. a.

1. Fit ; proper ; becoming ; suitable ; true; not erroneous.

RIGHT. a.

3. Just ; honest ; equitable.

4. Happy ; convenient.

RIGHT. interject.

An expression of approbation.

RIGHT s.

1. Justice ; not wrong.

2. Freedom from errour.

3. Just claim.

4. That which justly belongs to one.

5. Property ; interest.

6. Power ; prerogative.

7. Immunity ; privilege.

RIGHT — RIGHTFUL – (1785)

RIGHT. n. s.

1. Not wrong.

2. Justice ; not injury.

3. Freedom from guilt ; goodness.

4. Freedom from errour.

5. Just claim.

6. That which justly belongs to one.

7. Property ; interest.

8. Power ; prerogative.

9. Immunity ; privilege.

RIGHTFUL. adj.

S s

SAFE – (1756)

SAFE. a.

1. Free from danger.

2. Free from hurt.

3. Cont.... security.

4. No longer dangerous ; reposited out of the power of doing harm.

SECESSION – (1756)

SECESSION. s.

1. The act of departing.

2. The act of withdrawing from councils or actions.

To SECEDE — SECESSION – (1785)

To SECEDE. v. n.

To withdraw from fellowship in any affair.

SECESSION. n. s.

1. The act of departing.

2. The act of withdrawing. from councils or actions.

SECURE — To SECURE – (1756)

SECURE. a.

1. Free from fear ; exempt from terrour ; easy ; assured.

3. Free from danger ; safe.

To SECURE. v. a.

1. To make certain ; to put out of hazard ; to ascertain.

2. To protect ; to make safe.

3. To insure.

SERVITUDE – (1785)

SERVITUDE. n. s.

1. Slavery ; state of a slave ; dependence.

2. Servants collectively. Not in use.

SHALL – (1785)

SHALL. verb desect.

5. He SHALL love. It will be that he must love ; it is commanded him that he must love.

SLAVE – (1785)

SLAVE. n. s.

1. One mansipated to a master ; not a freeman ; a dependant.

2. One that has lost power of resistance.

SLAVERY – (1785)

SLAVERY. n. s.

Servitude ; the condition of a slave ; the offices of a slave.

SOLEMN – (1756)

SOLEMN. adj. (1756)

4. Striking with seriousness ; sober ; serious.

SOVEREIGN — SOVEREIGNTY – (1756)

SOVEREIGN. a.

1. Supreme in power ; having no superiour.

SOVEREIGN. s.

Supreme lord.

SOVEREIGNTY. s.

Supremacy ; highest place ; highest degree of excellence.

SPEEDY – (1756)

SPEEDY. a.

Quick ; swift ; nimble ; quick of dispatch.

SPEEDY – (1785)

SPEEDY adj..

Quick ; swift ; nimble ; quick of dispatch.

STATE – (1756)

STATE. s.

5. The community ; the publick ; the commonwealth.

6. A republick ; a government not monarchial.

13. The pincipal persons in the government.

To SUPPLICATE — SUPPLICATION – (1756)

To SUPPLICATE. v. n.

To emplore ; to entreat ; to petition submissively.

SUPPLICATION. s.

1. Petition humbly delivered ; entreaty.

To SUFFRAGATE — SUFFRAGE – (1756)

To SUFFRAGATE. v n.

To vote with ; to agree in voice with.

SUFFRAGE. s.

Vote ; voice given in a controverted point.

SWIFT – (1785)

SWIFT. adj.

1. Moving far in a short time ; quick ; fleet ; speedy ; nimble ; rapid.

SWIFT. adj.. 2 of 2

2. Ready.

SYSTEM – (1756)

SYSTEM. s.

1. Any complexure or combinaion of many things acting togeher.

2. A scheme which reduces many things to regular dependence or co-operation.

3. A scheme which unites many things in order.

T t

TENET – (1785)

TENET. n. s.

Position ; principle ; opinion.

TESTIMONY – (1785)

TESTIMONY. n. s.

1. Evidence given ; proof by witness.

2. Publick evidence.

3. Open attestation ; profession.

TRAINBANDS – (1756)

TRAINBANDS. s.

The militia ; the part of the community trained to martial exercise.

TRAITOR – (1756)

TRAITOR. s.

One who being trusted betrays.

TRAITOR – (1785)

TRAITOR. n. s.

One who being trusted betrays.

TRANSIENT – (1756)

TRANSIENT a.

Soon past ; soon passing ; short ; momentary.

TREASON — TREASONABLE — TREASONOUS – (1756)

TREASON. s.

An offense committed against the dignity and magisty of the commonwealth : it is divided into high treason and petit treason. High treason is an offence against the commonwealth.... Petit treason is when a servant kills his master.....

TREASONABLE. — TREASONOUS. a.

Having the nature or guilt of treason.

TREASON — TREASONABLE — TREASONOUS – (1785)

TREASON. n. s.

An offense committed against the dignity and magisty of the commonwealth : it is divided into high treason and petit treason. High treason is an offence against the commonwealth.... Petit treason is when a servant kills his master.....

TREASONABLE. — TREASONOUS.. adj.

Having the nature or guilt of treason.

TREASON – (The Constitution for the United States of America, Article 3, Section 3 – 1790)

Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them aid and comfort.

From both, the 1756 and 1785 dictionaries on about the first line refers to “offense” / war; and the fourteenth line mentioning “adhering to his enemies” carry forward into The Constitution for the United States of America, Article 3, Section 3.

The constitutional definition is lawfully enforceable. However, neither The unanimous Declaration nor The Constitution for the United States of America define “war”. Therefore, we must use a common-use dictionary of the time to determine the meanings for words contained in those document/contracts. Benefit going to the governed, while limited power goes to the government. We know this by The Declaration's “ consent of the governed”; and The Constitution's Amendment 10.

TREATY – (1756)

TREATY. s.

1. Negotiation ; act of treating.

2. A compact of accommodation relating to publick affairs.

3. For entreaty : supplication ; petition.

TYRANNICAL — TYRANNOUS — TYRANNY — TYRANT – (1756)

TYRANNICAL. a.

Suiting a tyrant ; acting like a tyrant ; cruel ; despotick ; imperious.

TYRANNOUS. a.

Tyrannical ; despotick ; arbitrary ; severe.

TYRANNY. s.

1. Absolute monarchy imperiously administered.

2. Unrestricted and cruel power.

3. Cruel government ; rigorous command.

4. Severity ; rigour ; inclemency.

TYRANT. s.

1, An absolute monarch governing imperiously.

2. A cruel despotick and severe master.

TYRANNY — TYRANT – (1785)

TYRANNY. n. s.

1. Absolute monarchy imperiously administered.

2. Unresisted and cruel power.

3. Cruel government ; rigorous command.

4. Severity ; rigour ; inclemency.

TYRANT. n. s.

1. An absolute monarch governing imperiously.

2. A cruel, despotick and severe master ; an oppressor.

U u

UN – (1756)

UN.

A Saxon privative or negative particle answering to in of the Latins, and a of the Greeks, on, Dutch. It is placed almost at will before adjectives and adverbs.

UNION – (1756)

UNION. s.

1. The act of joining two or more.

2. Concord ; conjunction of mind or interests.

UNUSUAL – (1785)

UNUSUAL. adj.

Not common ; not frequent ; rare.

V v

VICARIOUS – (1756)

VICARIOUS. a.

Deputed ; delegated ; acting in the place of another.

VOTE — To VOTE — VOTER – (1756)

VOTE. s.

Sufferage ; voice given and numbered.

To VOTE. v. a.

1. To chuse by sufferage ; to determine by sufferage.

2. To give by vote.

VOTER. s.

One who has the right of giving his voice or sufferage.

W w

WAGES — WAGE – (1898)

WAGES. n.

A compensation given to a hired person for services; price paid for labor; recompense; hire. See Wage, n., 2.

WAGE. n.

2. That for which one labors ; mead ; reward ; stipulated payment ; — at present, used in the plural. See Wages.

WAR — To WAR – (1756)

WAR. s.

1. The exercise of violence under sovereign command.

3. Forces ; army.

4. The profession of arms.

5. Hostility ; state of opposition ; act of opposition.

To WAR. v. n.

To make war ; to be in a state of hostility.

To WAR. v. a.

To make war upon.

WAR – (1785)

WAR. n. s.

1. War may be defined the exercise of violence under sovereign command against withstanders ; force, authority, and resistance, being the essential parts thereof. Violence, limited by authority, is sufficiently distinguished from robbery, and the like outrages ; yet, in consisting in relation towards others, it necessarily requires a supposition of resistance, whereby the force of war becomes different from the violence inflicted upon slaves or yielding malefactors.

WAR n. s.

4. The profession of arms.

5. Hostility ; state of opposition ; act of opposition.

WITHSTANDER – (1785)

WITHSTANDER. n. s.

An opponent ; resisting power.

WITNESS – (1785)

WITNESS. n. s.

1. Testimony ; attestation.

2. One who gives testimony.

X x

Left Blank

Y y

YIELD — To YIELD – (1756)

To YIELD. v. a.

5. To allow ; to permit.

7. To resign ; to give up.

8. To surrender.

To YIELD. v. n.

1. To give up the conquest ; to submit.

4. To concede ; to admit ; to allow ; not to deny.

Z z

Left Blank

​Glossary of Old Words

Glossary

— of Older Definitions

Need for Older Definitions

Glossary Contents

A a

To ABDICATE — ABDICATION – (1756)

To ABDICATE. v. a.

ABDICATION. s.

To ABSTAIN – (1785)

To ABSTAIN. .

To ACCOUTRE – (1756)

To ACCOUTRE. v. a.

ACCURATE — ACCURATELY — ACCURATENESS – (1756)

ACCURATE. a.

ACCURATELY. ad.

ACCURATENESS. s.

ADVERSE — ADVERSITY — ADVERSLY – (1756)

ADVERSE. a.

ADVERSITY. s.

ADVERSLY. a.

ADVERSE — ADVERSITY – (1785)

ADVERSE. adj.

ADVERSITY. n. s.

ALIENABLE – (1756)

ALIENABLE. a.

ALL – (1785)

ALL. adj.

ALL. adv.

ALL. n. s.

ALLIANCE – (1756)

ALLIANCE. s.

To ALTER – (1756)

To ALTER. v. a.

To ALTER v. n.

ALTERATION – (1756)

ALTERATION. s.

To APPLY – (1756)

To APPLY. v. a.

APPROBATION – (1756)

APPROBATION. s.

ARMS – (1785)

ARMS. n. s.

To ASCERTAIN — ASCERTAINER – (1756)

To ASCERTAIN. v. a.

ASCERTAINER. s.

B b

BY–LAW – (1756)

BY-LAW. s.

C c

CAPITATION – (1756)

CAPITATION. s.

CAPITATION – (1785)

CAPITATION. n. s.

CENSUS – (1785)

CENSUS. n.

CESSION – (1756)

CESSION. s.

CESSION — CESSATION– (1785)

CESSATION. v. a.

CESSION. n. f.

CHARTER – (1756)

CHARTER. s.

CIVICK — CIVIL — CIVILLY – (1756)

CIVICK. a.

CIVIL. a.

CIVILLY ad.

COLONY – (1756)

COLONY. s.

COMMERCE — To COMMERCE — To COMMERCIAL – (1785)

COMMERCE. n. s.

COMMERCE. n. s.

To COMMERCE. v. n.

COMMERCIAL. adj.

COMMON LAW (1756)

COMMON LAW. .

COMMON LAW (1785)

COMMON LAW. .

COMMONWEALTH – (1756)

COMMONWEALTH. ...

Glossary of Old Words